The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.